Genus Ebolavirus is 1 of 3 members of the Filoviridae family (filovirus), along with genus Marburgvirus and genus Cuevavirus. Genus Ebolavirus comprises 5 distinct species:
- Bundibugyo ebolavirus (BDBV)
- Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV)
- Reston ebolavirus (RESTV)
- Sudan ebolavirus (SUDV)
- Tai Forest ebolavirus (TAFV).
BDBV, EBOV, and SUDV have been associated with large EVD outbreaks in Africa, whereas RESTV and TAFV have not. The RESTV species, found in Philippines and the People’s Republic of China, can infect humans, but no illness or death in humans from this species has been reported to date.
Table: Chronology of previous Ebola virus disease outbreaks
Year | Country | Ebolavirus species | Cases | Deaths | Case fatality |
2012 | Democratic Republic of Congo | Bundibugyo | 57 | 29 | 51% |
2012 | Uganda | Sudan | 7 | 4 | 57% |
2012 | Uganda | Sudan | 24 | 17 | 71% |
2011 | Uganda | Sudan | 1 | 1 | 100% |
2008 | Democratic Republic of Congo | Zaire | 32 | 14 | 44% |
2007 | Uganda | Bundibugyo | 149 | 37 | 25% |
2007 | Democratic Republic of Congo | Zaire | 264 | 187 | 71% |
2005 | Congo | Zaire | 12 | 10 | 83% |
2004 | Sudan | Sudan | 17 | 7 | 41% |
2003 (Nov-Dec) | Congo | Zaire | 35 | 29 | 83% |
2003 (Jan-Apr) | Congo | Zaire | 143 | 128 | 90% |
2001-2002 | Congo | Zaire | 59 | 44 | 75% |
2001-2002 | Gabon | Zaire | 65 | 53 | 82% |
2000 | Uganda | Sudan | 425 | 224 | 53% |
1996 | South Africa (ex-Gabon) | Zaire | 1 | 1 | 100% |
1996 (Jul-Dec) | Gabon | Zaire | 60 | 45 | 75% |
1996 (Jan-Apr) | Gabon | Zaire | 31 | 21 | 68% |
1995 | Democratic Republic of Congo | Zaire | 315 | 254 | 81% |
1994 | Cote d'Ivoire | Taï Forest | 1 | 0 | 0% |
1994 | Gabon | Zaire | 52 | 31 | 60% |
1979 | Sudan | Sudan | 34 | 22 | 65% |
1977 | Democratic Republic of Congo | Zaire | 1 | 1 | 100% |
1976 | Sudan | Sudan | 284 | 151 | 53% |
1976 | Democratic Republic of Congo | Zaire | 318 | 280 | 88% |
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